Ingredient Information

Function

Copper sulfate is a mineral salt that is used to fortify foods as well as uses as an antimicrobial agent and anti-caking agent. It is added as a mineral supplement for infant formula and is used as an anti-caking agent for powders. Solutions of copper sulfate can be sprayed on fruits to prevent mold growth. Chemically, it is a component used in the manufacture of a class of colors, called azo dyes.

Other Use and Industries

Copper sulfate, as a mineral salt, is used as an animal feed supplement. It is used to stimulate growth of pigs and chickens. Compounds of copper sulfate, such as copper sulfate pentahydrate, are used as herbicides, fungicides, and pesticides. It is also used to kill algae in ponds and swimming pools.

Health Effects

Copper sulfate can be considered a controversial food additive. Just the nature of this compound, with its different forms, based on the amount of hydration, is confusing. It is hard to comprehend how one less water molecule can turn a pesticide into a food grade dietary supplement used in infant formula. Add that copper sulfate is an irritant and cumulative exposure can cause health problems, it’s no wonder that this food additive is so controversial.

However, extensive studies have shown that the maximum acceptable daily intake of 0.5 mg/kg of body weight is safe. Copper is an essential mineral that the body needs. Obtaining copper via natural food sources, such as, beef, cereals, and vegetables, is the safest way to keep mineral balance.
No medical concerns. Copper sulfate is known to cause allergic reactions in some individuals.

Copper is considered toxic at 375 times its recommended daily intake for adults.

Origins

Copper sulfate occurs naturally in the form of copper sulfate pentahydrate and two additional, rare forms. However, for industrial use, copper sulfate is produced by reacting copper metal with sulfuric acid. It can also be produced by mixing copper with a solution of nitric and sulfuric acid.